Robotics standards.
What they protect — and where TTAN.IO fits.

Robotics — Safety requirements — Part 1: Industrial robots. This is the robot-manufacturer side of the ISO 10218 family. It treats the industrial robot itself as partly completed machinery and establishes safety requirements for its design, protective measures and information for use.

It is concerned with hazards created by the robot and its built-in functions before the robot is integrated into a complete application or cell. The standard supports inherently safe design, risk reduction and safety-related robot functions.

Robotics — Safety requirements — Part 2: Industrial robot applications and robot cells. This part shifts the focus from the robot product to the integrated application: robot, end-effector, fixtures, cell, safeguarding, interfaces and surrounding machinery.

It covers integration, commissioning, operation, maintenance and decommissioning. That makes it especially relevant to system integrators and factories building real robot cells.

Robots and robotic devices — Collaborative robots. ISO/TS 15066 supplements ISO 10218-1 and ISO 10218-2 for collaborative industrial robot systems and their work environment.

It is associated with collaborative operation where humans and robot systems can share or alternate access to workspace under defined protective measures. It addresses hazards, collaborative operating concepts and risk-reduction considerations specific to human-robot interaction.

Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction. ISO 12100 provides the general methodology for identifying hazards, estimating and evaluating risk, and reducing risk throughout machinery design and lifecycle.

It is one of the foundational ways machinery designers reason about hazards systematically. It is not a cybersecurity standard, but cyber-induced behavior can create or worsen machinery hazards and therefore must be considered in modern connected systems.

Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design. This standard provides methodology and requirements for designing and integrating safety-related parts of control systems (SRP/CS), including software.

It is strongly associated with safety functions and Performance Levels. It is about whether safety-related control structures achieve the required dependability for reducing machinery risk.

Safety of machinery — Functional safety of safety-related control systems. IEC 62061 specifies requirements and recommendations for design, integration and validation of safety-related control systems for machinery. It is a machinery-sector standard built within the broader IEC 61508 framework.

The 2021 edition has subsequent amendments. The standard explicitly focuses on functional safety and does not itself replace the need for dedicated cybersecurity measures.

Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems. IEC 61508 is the foundational cross-industry functional-safety framework from which sector-specific standards derive concepts such as safety lifecycle and Safety Integrity Levels (SIL).

For robotics, it is usually encountered indirectly through machinery and sector standards rather than used as the only robot-specific safety rule.

Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and verification — Part 4: Driverless industrial trucks and their systems. The standard covers driverless industrial trucks and systems, including AGVs, AMRs and related vehicle categories used in industrial environments.

It is especially relevant where navigation, route planning, localization and interactions with people or infrastructure create mobile physical risk.

Robots and robotic devices — Safety requirements for personal care robots. ISO 13482 addresses inherently safe design, protective measures and information for use for personal-care robot categories such as mobile servant robots, physical assistant robots and person-carrier robots.

These systems operate in close proximity to people, often outside traditional guarded industrial cells, increasing the importance of trustworthy behavior and bounded autonomy.

Security for industrial automation and control systems. IEC 62443 is one of the most important cybersecurity families around industrial robotics because robots, PLCs, cells, gateways and supervisory systems often live inside an IACS/OT environment.

The series addresses different roles and layers: asset-owner security programs, service-provider/integrator processes, zones and conduits, system security requirements/security levels, secure product development lifecycle and component requirements.

Common security requirements for radio equipment. EN 18031-1, -2 and -3 were developed to support cybersecurity essential requirements under the EU Radio Equipment Directive for relevant radio equipment. The series is especially important for internet-connected and data-processing radio products.

For robots and robotics gateways using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular or other radio interfaces, these requirements can become relevant independently of ROS or DDS security.

DDS Security is the OMG security specification used by DDS implementations to provide participant authentication, access control, cryptographic protection and related security plugins. Version 1.2 was formally adopted in 2026.

ROS 2 Security (SROS2 tooling and ROS 2 security model) uses DDS Security concepts such as identity certificates, permissions, signed governance and enclaves. This is the middleware trust layer closest to many modern robot software deployments.